The slave trades out of Africa represent one of the most significant forced migration experiences in history. In this paper, I illustrate their long-term consequences on contemporaneous socio-economic outcomes, drawing from my own previous work on the topic and from an extensive review of the...

1. Introduction 2. Contrasts in the hemisphere: size and trade 3. The political economy of protection in Latin America: the inertia of history 4. The political economy of protection in the US: ominous developments 5. The FTAA negotiation process 6. Conclusions