avoid counseling or assisting a client in crime or fraud in nonlitigation settings. The Committee also considered other …

double dividend in that it reduces both minor offenses and more severe crime. We develop a model of criminal subcultures in … attractive for some people who would otherwise commit more severe crime. If social status is sufficiently important in criminal … subcultures, zero-tolerance reduces crime across the board. -- status concerns ; street crime ; subcultures ; penalties ; zero …

effect resulting from the harsher experience while in prison of those arrested right after reaching 18. …

and foreign individuals from committing crime in their territory. We assume that crime is mobile, both ex ante (migration …) and ex post (fleeing), and that criminals who hide abroad after having committed a crime in a country must be extradited … sufficiently costly, a large enforcement may induce criminals to flee the country in which they have perpetrated a crime …

penalty to the severity of the crime. We combine individual-level data on sentence length for a representative sample of US …

) eliminating adult incarceration, and (4) expanding juvenile record sealing opportunities to teenage adult defendants. All four … expansions and dismissing marginal adult charges; raising the age of majority breaks even. Eliminating prison for first …

double dividend in that it reduces both minor offenses and more severe crime. We develop a model of criminal subcultures in … attractive for some people who would otherwise commit more severe crime. If social status is sufficiently important in criminal … subcultures, zero-tolerance reduces crime across the board …

effect resulting from the harsher experience while in prison of those arrested right after reaching 18 …