This article assesses the role of private antitrust litigation in Japan through an empirical analysis. Based on data concerning actions for damages and injunctive relief in the post-war era, the article gauges how much private antitrust litigation has contributed to the deterrence of antitrust...

Private enforcement of competition law in Germany and the Netherlands is booming. A surge in cartel damages actions has led to a flurry of judicial activity, while claim vehicles and claim funders continue to bring and fund new cases. At the same time, both jurisdictions also face significant...