Although the transformational-transactional leadership paradigm is successful in explaining considerable portions of variance in organizationally relevant outcome criteria, recent critiques emphasized that this paradigm might be incomplete. Thus, Antonakis and House (2002) suggested that...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the theoretical proposition, put forward by Yukl et al. (2002), that the leadership constructs of transformational and transactional leadership, laissez-faire, consideration, and initiating structure can be arranged into three meta-categories of...