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This paper compares the German Gross Domestic Product between 1991 and 2008 with the Ifo business indicators. Because GDP is published quarterly but the Ifo indicators monthly, the most analyses compare these variables by merging the indicators to quarterly data. In this paper an alternative way...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008859474
It is well-known that nonresponse affects the results of surveys and can even cause bias due to selectivities if it cannot be regarded as missing at random. In contrast to household surveys, response behaviour in business surveys has been examined rarely in the literature. This paper is one of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008859824
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With the world-wide spread of the internet in the 1990s, the conduction of web or e-mail surveys became popular in research. Although these surveys provide fast data collection and reduced costs, results may suffer from biases due to the survey mode. While a variety of studies concerning mode...
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Surveys are a widely used tool to answer socio-economic research question across disciplines. However, data collection can face certain problems such as nonresponding units. For household and population surveys, a large body of literature about the effects of nonresponse exist but only less is...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011744076
Surveys are a widely used tool to answer socio-economic research question across disciplines. However, data collection can face certain problems such as nonresponding units. For household and population surveys, a large body of literature about the effects of nonresponse exist but only less is...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009781414
Das ifo Geschäftsklima ist ein Konjunkturindikator, der aus den Ergebnissen der monatlichen Unternehmensbefragungen des ifo Instituts berechnet wird. Die Antworten zu zwei Fragen gehen in diesen Indikator ein: die Bewertung der aktuellen Geschäftslage sowie die Erwartung hinsichtlich der...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003900281
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