Compact tariffs are not only used in pension insurance, but also in life insurance. However, in many cases it is necessary to have separate views on those tariffs, since policy management systems developed for life insurance companies are based on tariffs which have separate tariff components,...

The Liikanen Group proposes contingent convertible (CoCo) bonds as instruments to enhance financial stability in the banking industry. Especially life insurance companies could serve as CoCo bond holders as they are already the largest purchasers of bank bonds in Europe. The growing number of...