The question of learning versus self-selection has dominated the micro-econometric literature on firm export decisions … find that the impacts of exporting on the size of firms are strongest, but that productivity type impacts also occur. These … effects are larger the higher the export intensity of firms and the shorter their export experience …

entering into the export market. We find evidence in support of both self-selection and learning by exporting. … versus learning by exporting. According to the selection into exporting hypothesis, more productive firms self-select into … exporting due to high entry costs. The learning by exporting hypothesis, on the other hand, emphasizes that firms learn after …