A range of legal regimes from employment law to corporate and securities law foresees a reduction or elimination of “enterprise liability” for organizations that can demonstrate the existence of “effective” internal compliance structures. The pervasiveness of corporate conduct codes and...

The main objective of this article is to discuss the current approach adopted by the competition law authorities and relevant courts on the liability of service providers, such as independent consultants or data processors, in cases involving cartels. The question of service providers' liability...