We present a game-theoretic model for the line planning problem in public transportation, in which each line acts as player. Each player aims to minimize its own delay, which is dependent on the traffic load along its edges. We show that there exists a line plan at equilibrium, which minimizes...

Line planning as one of the first planning stages in public transport is a well-researched topic. Nearly all models start with the assumption that the demand for public transport is known and fixed. For real-world applications this assumption is not practicable, since there are different demands...

Planning in public transportation is traditionally done in a sequential process: After the network design process, the lines and their frequencies are planned. When these are fixed, a timetable is determined and based on the timetable, the vehicle and crew schedules are optimized. After each...