Although generally considered safe assets, liquid stocks underperformed illiquid stocks during the financial crisis of 2008–2009. The performance of stocks during the crisis can be better explained by their historical liquidity betas (risk) than by their historical liquidity levels. Stocks...

This paper distinguishes between a stock's liquidity (liquidity level), as measured by the average cost of trading it, and its liquidity beta (liquidity risk), as measured by the covariation of its return with unexpected changes in aggregate liquidity. Although considered safe assets in general,...

The post-earnings-announcement drift is a longstanding anomaly that conflicts with market efficiency. This study documents that the post-earnings-announcement drift occurs mainly in highly illiquid stocks. A trading strategy that goes long high-earnings-surprise stocks and short...

The post-earnings-announcement drift is a longstanding anomaly that conflicts with market efficiency. This study documents that the post-earnings-announcement drift occurs mainly in highly illiquid stocks. A trading strategy that goes long high-earnings-surprise stocks and short...

This paper hypothesizes that market liquidity constrains mutual fund managers' ability to outperform, which introduces a higher liquidity risk exposure (beta) for skilled managers. Consistently, we document an annual liquidity beta performance spread of 4% in the cross-section of mutual funds...