In this paper, we study gains and losses that accrue to natives because of immigration. The gain on the aggregated level is called the ?immigration surplus?, which can be seen as analogous to a consumer surplus. We derive changes in the earnings of native owners of production factors by...

In this study, we investigate the anatomy of older workers' wages. The central question is whether the wage cushion - i.e., the difference between actual wages and collectively agreed-upon (maximum) contractual wages - contributes to the fact that wages continue increasing at older ages. We...