This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between trade, labour and environmental sustainability by providing empirical evidence at the firm level. For this purpose, it first explores whether exporting firms are more likely than non-exporting firms to adopt green measures....

This paper use the urban set data for studding the FDI impact on average wage level in MENA countries. The results show that the openness to FDI tends to increase wage level of MENA countries. The positive impact remains significant after controlling for the capital labor ratio, industrial...

This paper documents and analyses the predominance of informal employment in Africa and shows that lack of demand for labour rather than worker characteristics is the main reason for pervasive underemployment. Integration into the global economy and exports of labour-intensive products are vital...