so far separate strands of literature, on women's alleged greater tolerance for lower wages ("contented female worker … paradox"), and on perceived discrimination among ethnic minorities ("integration paradox"). Empirically, we depart from … previous studies by not simply assessing whether women are as likely as men to perceive their pay as unfair. Instead, we use an …

Introduction -- Women's occupations -- Women's wages -- Explaining occupational sorting -- Testing for occupational … barriers in agriculture -- Barriers to women's employment -- Occupational barriers in self-employment -- Women's labour force …