migrating peasants, and, consequently, has a positive effect on narrowing the rural-urban income or consumption gap. Urban labor …

It is well known that the self-employed are over-represented at the bottom as well as the top of the income … distribution. This paper shifts the focus from the income situation of the self-employed to the distributive effects of a change in … increase in the proportion of self-employed individuals in the labor force increases income polarization by tearing down floors …

This chapter discusses the large literature and numerous issues regarding education-related differences in income in …. Following the 1940 Decennial Census, which collected information on educational attainment and on earned income and time worked … 1950s/early 1960s greatly expanded the research on education and income and shifted the focus to wages. The human capital …