This article summarizes three different strands of the literature that address the labor market effects of language … ongoing globalization leads to an increased demand for foreign language proficiency to reduce search and information costs and … migrants, destination language skills display both a prerequisite for and outcome of successful integration. Investments into …

as measured by English as Additional Language (EAL), contribute to the immigrant-native wage gap for female employees in …

, India, China), which has coincided with poor economic integration. Language proficiency is an important determinant of … language proficiency is crucial for good integration policy, as is understanding the relationship between these measures and …