market forces of supply and demand. We regress apprenticeship premiums on journeymen’s wages, set-up costs, and a selection …We draw on quantitative and descriptive data from Robert Campbell’s widely cited manual for prospective apprentices …, The London Tradesman (1747), to demonstrate the responsiveness of apprenticeship in mid-eighteenth century London to …

using a two-sector model. When institutions improve, wages rise across the board, thus reducing the costs of rural … can in turn lead to a narrowing of the relative gap between skilled and unskilled wages. These predictions are borne out … by the historical data. Cities with stronger institutions experienced: (i) higher skilled and unskilled real wages, and …

This paper explores the short-and long-term effects on wages of absence from work for young highly attached skilled …. Unemployment decreases wages in the short term only, and for women more strongly than for men. Maternity leave leads to substantial …

-approved, nationally standardized apprenticeship plans. These plans provide more than 13,000 different skills and the exact duration of … skills acquired during apprenticeship are highly - yet differently - rewarded. We also document rising returns to digital and …

-approved, nationally standardized apprenticeship plans. These plans provide more than 13,000 different skills and the exact duration of … skills acquired during apprenticeship are highly - yet differently - rewarded. We also document rising returns to digital and …

produce in practice. The paper identifies four main regulatory forces that shape the quantum and basis of the wages and non …