Hispanic women in the US. The first part examines 1990 and 2002, two years with very similar national unemployment levels, and … the poverty levels of black and Hispanic women would be different if they were paid the same wages as white women with the … same characteristics. The results show that for the working poor black women the difference in poverty rates would be small …

women in 1990 underestimated the true, selection-corrected gap, i.e., the gap we would have expected to see had all of these … women been employed in 1990. In this paper, we use the NLSY97 to update his analysis. The observed median log wage gap … considerable extent by changes in the distribution of educational attainment across young white and black women. …

as measured by English as Additional Language (EAL), contribute to the immigrant-native wage gap for female employees in … immigrant-native wage gap for women. …

We investigate the extent to which deficiency at English as measured by English as Additional Language (EAL …-native wage gap for women. …

This paper is concerned with the English language requirements (both level and importance) of occupations in the United … greater English language skills, whether measured by the level of these skills or the importance of English for performing the … is reduced by 50 percent, but is still large, when worker characteristics, including their own English language skills …