policies, such as paternity leave expansions, financial incentives in the form of tax credits for working mothers and … subsidised or free childcare for very young children, could help reduce the motherhood penalty. However, such policies are likely …

The motherhood wage penalty denotes the difference in wages between mothers and women without children that is not … motherhood wage penalty can represent a significant cost to being female and having children. If ignored, it may undermine policy … initiatives aiming to increase fertility rates in post-socialist countries, such as the costly “baby bonus,” which is a government …

We examine the impact of government-funded universal paid parental leave extensions on the likelihood that mothers …, such reforms neither helped nor hurt mothers' chances to be at the top of their companies' pay ranking or in leadership … and promotions. No reform affected fathers' pay or the gender pay gaps between mothers and their male colleagues and …

We assess whether motherhood could be the last hurdle to achieving gender equality in developing countries by exploring … the link between motherhood and the overall gender gap in the labor market for 14 Latin American countries over the last … the first child, we find that the arrival of the first child leads to a sharp and persistent 35% decline in mothers …