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Most Americans think that our country has done quite a lot to protect women and ensure gender equity in the workplace. After all, we have banned discrimination against women, required equal pay for equal work, and adopted family-leave legislation. But the fact is that we have a two-tiered...
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The paper documents employment and wage gaps, which arise between mothers and childless women, for a set of 28 European … gap in employment. The impact of the leaves depends, however, on childcare availability: long maternity leaves combined … with high childcare coverage lead to greater employment gap than when the coverage is low. The results do not prove that …
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mechanisms. Through their impact on childcare availability, grandmothers' deaths reduce mothers' employment rate by 12 percentage … points (27 percent) and do not affect fathers' employment rate. The negative effect on mothers' employment is smaller where …This paper estimates the effect of childcare availability on parents' employment probability using the timing of death …
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Efforts have been made to improve gender diversity in the built environment professions. This sector continues to experience growth restrictions due to skill shortages. Some progress has been made at the entry level; however, the retention of women in professional roles within this sector...
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