For several decades, there has been a discussion in economics on how to appropriately measure economic welfare. Although it is common perception that a simple GDP evaluation bears several shortcomings, GDP per capita is still the most prominent measure of countries' welfare and of its...

In cities around the world, Covid-19 lockdowns have improved outdoor air quality, in some cases dramatically. Even if only temporary, these improvements could have longer-lasting effects on policy by making chronic air pollution more salient and boosting political pressure for change. To that...

Who benefits from market-based environmental policies? To shed light on this question, we investigate the environmental and distributional consequences of regional cap-and-trade programs to mitigate sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from U.S. power plants. Using double and triple differences,...

Maritime shipping emits as much fine particulate matter as half of global road traffic. We are the first to measure the consequences of US maritime emissions standards on air quality, human health, racial exposure disparities, and behavior. The introduction of US maritime emissions control areas...

One of the consequences of rapid economic growth and industrialization in the developing world has been deterioration in environmental conditions and air quality. While air pollution is a serious threat to health in most developing countries, environmental regulations are rare and the...

Since the 9th Five Year Plan (FYP) period (1996-2000), the Chinese central government began to adopt the total emissions control (TEC) policy, a target-based environmental regulation which set emission reduction targets for designated pollutants. The policy became highly binding for local...

One of the consequences of rapid economic growth and industrialization in the developing world has been deterioration in environmental conditions and air quality. While air pollution is a serious threat to health in most developing countries, environmental regulations are rare and the...

One of the consequences of rapid economic growth and industrialization in the developing world has been deterioration in environmental conditions and air quality. While air pollution is a serious threat to health in most developing countries, environmental regulations are rare and the...

This paper examines the impact of air pollution on infant mortality in China from 2004-2015. Using city level data and a fixed-effects framework, instrumented by thermal inversions and ventilation coefficient, we estimate this relationship for China firstly. Our estimates suggest a significantly...

Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries implemented a partial or full lockdown as a preventive measure. Although lockdown caused an economic contraction, it unexpectedly improved the environment, especially air pollution. This paper quantifies the impact of the lockdown on...