With the growth of the developing world's population and economies, limiting their contribution to the global growth of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions has increased greatly in significance. The parties to the UN Climate Change Convention acknowledged this reality in the Bali Action Plan,...

This chapter focuses on the potential impacts of rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide related to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions on ocean ecosystems in the context of ocean acidification. The chapter also suggests the legal and policy implications of ocean acidification, with a...

This article reviews the international law aimed at controlling traditional air pollution as well as the efforts to address climate change. It covers transboundary air pollution litigation and the treaties dealing with conventional and toxic air pollutants. It discusses the Montreal Protocol and...

Climate change is closely interconnected with other environmental problems, including stratospheric ozone depletion, and local and regional air pollution. Such interlinkages have created opportunities for strengthening the global response to climate change, and international legal regimes...

This article focuses on legal developments since mid-2011 relating to the control of both carbon dioxide (CO2) and conventional pollutants from coal-fired electric power plants. It deals as briefly as possible with pre-2011 issues that are discussed in the author's numerous publications over the...

Although “cap and trade” programs for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are often discussed as a viable program for the United States (U.S.), it is unlikely that any such program will be adopted in the near future, but there are other options available that President Obama and the...

Recent advances in technology and the consequent decline in manufacturing costs are making energy storage systems a central element of energy and climate change policy debates across the nation. Energy storage systems have the potential to provide many benefits such as lower electricity prices...

We examine whether and how lending banks around the world respond to borrowers' carbon emissions – the major contributors to global warming – in their lending decisions. We find that banks charge a higher loan spread and apply stricter non-price terms to borrowing firms with larger direct...