To protect fund investors against conflicting interests with fund management companies, U.S. funds have mandatory independent directors. That is not the case for funds in Europe, set-up in accordance with the UCITS Directive. Nevertheless, many UCITS funds have voluntarily appointed independent...

Though an acquisition of a minority non-controlling shareholding in a competitor falls outside the scope of the EU merger control provision, the effects on competition of such transactions can be nevertheless vetted on the ground of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU. This approach has been recently...

At the request of the Minister for Climate and Energy, Paul Magnette, who is also responsible for Consumer Affairs, the NBB's Microeconomic Analysis Service conducted an investigation into the link between payment arrears for mobile telephony and arrears on loan repayments. In this inquiry,...