was to decrease birth-related maternal employment breaks by providing more generous parental benefits for a shorter period … benefits to estimate the impact of the reform. I incorporated the mother’s decision to substitute her care time with the public … participation during the first year of leave and an increase in employment probability after the benefits expired. The empirical …

characteristics and fertility history from different countries and, consequently, under different parental leave regulations. Results …

parental decisions (labor market, investments in children, and fertility). We merge rich sources of historical information on … find that the policies exacerbated the motherhood penalty in labor market outcomes and that they affected fertility choices …

motherhood, respectively the 'universalistic' regime type that offers subsidized child-care and maternity-leave benefits to women … at all income levels, and the 'means-testing' regime type that offers predominantly income-tested benefits for single …-economic gradient of fertility timing has become increasingly mediated by family policy. They hypothesize and find increasing …

fertility and maternal labor supply. Identification is achieved by exploiting variation in the supply-side's incentives to …The incidence of Cesarean deliveries (CDs) has been on the rise. The procedure's cost and benefits are discussed … estimates show that a non-planned CD at parity one decreases life cycle fertility by almost 17 percent. This reduction in …