The aim of this paper is to investigate the significance of a set of macroeconomic variables in the assessment of the sovereign ratings provided by the three main credit rating agencies in different periods in time and for countries belonging to different categorizations. Ratings have a great...

Real estate market formation in Latvia occurs in the conditions of practical absence of a single system of methodological approaches to real estate estimation adapted for the Latvian conditions. In the article below it is proved that along with individual estimation it is possible to use methods...

When corporate payout is taxed, internal equity (retained earnings) is cheaper than external equity (share issues). If there are no perfect substitutes for equity finance, payout taxes may therefore have an effect on the investment of firms. High taxes will favor investment by firms who can...

This paper examines the effects of tax system changes and corporate tax payout changes on capital investment. We would expect a change in capital investment when the corporate tax payout changes and also when there is a shift from one tax system to another. This study examines the effects on...