This paper examines characteristics and limitations of past and current manufacturing organizations, and it extends their frontiers by proposing technological, managerial and organizational capabilities which configure the new face of the industrial organization in the 21st century. From such an...

What are the factors that lead to desirable organizational characteristics? This paper examines this question by proposing a model to explain the ability of some organizations to create a focus on results and high levels of managerial authority. The New Public Management literature points to...