shareholders far removed from the firm's day-to-day operations; and delegated management, which opens up the possibility for … appointment rights, by which shareholders retain the right to appoint and remove directors. Next, it focuses on core decision …

I analyze the allocation of the power to decide on hostile takeovers between directors and shareholders. My … contribution is to show who actually has power in a takeover and what factors are at work to give such power. Although directors … are traditionally considered to be in charge in deciding the outcome of a hostile takeover of a Delaware corporation …

shareholders. As a result, these directors have incentives to go along with controllers' wishes, or, at least, inadequate … that allows policymakers to produce the precise balance of power between controlling shareholders and public investors that …

strengthening shareholder power to alleviate the conflict between shareholders and management can also have the unintended … consequence of intensifying the conflict between current and future shareholders …

Current attempts to reform financial markets presume that shareholder empowerment benefits shareholders. We investigate … the wealth effects associated with the SEC's rule to facilitate director nominations by shareholders. Our results are not … the probability of passage of the proposal, firms whose shareholders are more likely to use the rule to nominate directors …