Whether or not foreign direct investment helps to upgrade the technological capacities of firms in host countries is an important question for policy makers. Even more important is the question of what are the most effective channels of technology transfer. The econometric analysis presented...

The pace of technological change and the challenges faced by companies to remain competitive in global markets have contributed to a global expansion of Ramp;D transactions. This paper shows that French companies engaged in the offshore outsourcing of Ramp;D are outward oriented essentially...