The debate that took place at the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th century on the neoclassical income distribution theory based on the marginal productivity of the production factors is well known. The debate evolved especially around the question whether the product is exactly exhausted...

We address the long standing question of whether production factors are paid their marginal products. We propose a new approach that circumvents the need to specify production functions and to compare marginal products to factor payments. Our approach is based on a simple equation that directly...