Recent studies show that the likelihood of survival differs significantly across firms. Both firm and industry …-specific characteristics shape new-firm survival during the first years subsequent to entry. However, in the longer run, most of the industry … factors have little influence on the likelihood of survival, but firm-specific characteristics still exert a considerable …

' survival. To date, the literature has lacked detailed analysis of the effects of exchange rates on firms' survival behavior in … appreciation on the survival behavior of Turkish firms in manufacturing industries for 2002-2009. The results suggest that real … exchange rate appreciation decreases the probability of survival in manufacturing industries. We also find that high (low …