By studying the differences between futures prices and exchange-traded fund prices for the S&P 500 index, original results are obtained about the distribution and persistence of the microstructure noise component created by bid/ask spreads and discrete price scales. The bivariate density of this...

This paper provides a guide to high frequency option trade and quote data disseminated by theOptions Price Reporting Authority (OPRA). We present a comprehensive overview of the U.S. option market, including details on market regulation and the trading processes for all 16 constituent option...