We investigate the extent to which the liquidity of listed stocks is affected by the market structure under which stockbrokers provide a combination of stock trading, research, and investment banking services. Six market structures of differing degrees of competitiveness are identified for...

Technological advances and regulatory initiatives have led to the emergence of a competitive, but fragmented, equity trading landscape in several markets around the world. While these changes have coincided with benefits like reduced transaction costs, advancements in trading technology, and...