In order to verify the effects of machine learning in a market structure, an evolutionary model containing firms that use a genetic algorithm to decide their investment in innovative R&D was developed. These firms share the market, with two other types of firms, those with a fixed rate of...

We study optimal contracts when R\&D is outsourced to another company. We find that, when a realistic assumption holds, the optimal contract always leads in equilibrium to the lowest acceptable chance of having a successful technical innovation, given announced compensations. This assumption is...

This paper introduces a flexible method based on dynamic programming to calculate the quantitative value of any approach to managing the innovation process. The quantification lets managers precisely compare the values of different approaches, and so identify those that are optimised for their...