This paper presents a method of calculating sharp bounds on the average treatment effect using linear programming under identifying assumptions commonly used in the literature. This new method provides a sensitivity analysis of the identifying assumptions and missing data in an application...

Causality for Risk Analysts: Improving Our Understanding of How the World Works -- Improving Individual Risk Management Decisions: Learning from Experience and Coping with Model Uncertainty -- Improving Community Risk Management: Managing Disaster Risks -- Improving Organizational Risk...