We argue that Islamic principles, in particular the avoidance of ribā and gharar should be applied with respect to real economic value rather than to monetary value in terms of conventional currency. In order to reconcile monetary value with economic value, we propose a reference currency...

The United States Code (Code) is a document containing over 22 million words that represents a large and important source of Federal statutory law. Scholars and policy advocates often discuss the direction and magnitude of changes in various aspects of the Code. However, few have mathematically...

This research proposes a serial of new mathematic and physics theoretical framework under a multidimensional focus. The main objective of this paper is to motivate scientists in various areas to use multidimensional coordinate spaces to complement the 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional coordinate...

Price dynamics of the asset depends on the collective action of buyers and sellers, including both institutional and private investors. A large number of diverse, sometimes contradictory, reasons can underlie the decisions of market participants. In certain periods, asset purchases can be a...

In recent academic and to some extent public debates, mainstream economics has been accused of excessive mathematization. The rejection of mathematical and other formal methods is often cited as a crucial trait of Austrian economics. Based on a systematic discussion of potential benefits and...

In Nature’s Law, Elliott explained that the Fibonacci sequence provides a mathematical basis of the wave principle. In The Wave Principle of Human Social Behavior and The New Science of Socionomics, Prechter explained how Fibonacci sequence exists at all those instances where growth is the...

In the previous papers, I have mentioned several times of HKLam Theory and their everyday usage but without the abstract mathematical proof. In order to remediate the flaws, I am now trying to proof the theory through both Tensor Algebra and Analysis as well as the statistical inference in this...