The shift from centralized to decentralized energy provision has created an opportunity for a wide range of distributed energy resources. In deciding how to best serve their long-term energy needs, end consumers face a plethora of investment options together with complex regulatory instruments...

We solve an optimization problem which arises in the German tax system. Here losses in some period can be tranferred to other periods reducing tax in these periods. Two variants of taxation can be applied. We formulate the problem as a mixed binary mathematical program and solve it via branch...