This paper, following Kaldor's approach, is written with the intention of interpreting fluctuations of economic systems (i.e trade cycles). In particular, a new discretized Kaldor model is proposed, which is also useful to explain what appears to be random and unpredictable, such as economic...

We propose a method to estimate both whether there is an overall infrastructure shortage and the optimal share of infrastructure in gross fixed capital formation (GFCF). This is based on a two-gap model and linear programming, and is illustrated with the case of Mexico (1950-1985). The results...