Telecommunication networks are characterised by a complex group of intermediaries and each one of them faces two types of operational costs: transmission costs and delivery cost. This scheme allows the operator to evaluate the market structure and to perform the telecommunication service. The...

We study optimal contracts when R\&D is outsourced to another company. We find that, when a realistic assumption holds, the optimal contract always leads in equilibrium to the lowest acceptable chance of having a successful technical innovation, given announced compensations. This assumption is...