Proper measurement and aggregation of trade costs is of paramount importance for sound academic and policy analysis of … significant new developments, both on the theoretical and on the empirical side, concerning the measurement and decomposition of …. The objectives and main contributions of this project are to offer guidance for proper measurement, aggregation, and …

openness based on trade, and it produces a ranking of countries over time for 23 OECD countries. Ireland is ranked as the most …