This study introduces the measurement of environmental inefficiency from an economic perspective that integrates, in addition to marketed good outputs, the negative environmental externalities associated with bad outputs. We develop our proposal using the latest by- production models that...

The aggregation of multiple metrics of corporate social performance (CSP) poses one of the major problems in CSP research. In this paper we propose a new method to compute a composite indicator of CSP from an efficiency perspective using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The new approach makes it...

This paper contributes to research on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) field and the inefficiency measurement of firms by proposing a new method for evaluating inefficiency accounting for firms’ CSR activities. The new approach considers the imprecise nature of CSR data through the...