Economists and psychologists follow different approaches to measure individual competitiveness. While psychologists typically use self-reported psychometric scales, economists tend to use incentivized behavioral experiments, where subjects confronted with a specific task self-select into a...

Self-efficacy, which can be defined as optimism about one's own ability to exercise required actions, has received a lot of attention in research on entrepreneurs' and managers' decision making. This attention led to the development of corresponding measurement instruments. However, there is no...

In recent years, the use of experimentally validated self-reported items for the measurement of individuals' risk preferences has been on the rise. Although previous research has confirmed the convergent validity of such self-reported items, we argue that self-reported risk preference measures...