Several studies have found that the cross-section of stock returns reflects a risk premium for bearing downside risk …; however, existing measures of downside risk have poor power for predicting returns. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel … measure of downside risk, the ES-implied beta, to improve the prediction of the cross-section of asset returns. The ES …

can be used in risk measurement and forecasting. Value at risk (VaR) is a widely used measure of financial risk, which … assumptions alone in measuring risk. Cushioning against risk has always created a plethora of complexities and challenges; hence …, this paper attempts to analyse statistical properties of various risk measures in a not normal distribution and provide a …

risk of taking the measurements. For it is necessary to develop methods of risk measurement, VaR on asset returns …Financial experts assume that measures the risk of financial asset returns generally have a normal distribution … regardless of the form of distribution as a form of financial risk estimation. In this, research the size of the financial risk …