possibility that without tight restrictions on migration, migrants from poor countries could transmit low productivity ("A" or … embodied in migrants; assimilation, the degree to which migrants' productivity determinants become like natives' over time in …

prior estimates by including ripple effects beyond the wages earned or taxes paid directly by migrants. The sharp reduction …International migrants who seek protection also participate in the economy. Thus the policy of the United States to … to migrants seeking protection, beyond humanitarian policy concerns, carry substantial economic costs. …

research on immigration, political behaviour and collective action. …