Some authors have argued that multiplicative uncertainty may benefit society as the cautionary motive reduces the inflation bias. However, when there are non-atomistic wage setters, higher multiplicative uncertainty may raise the wage premium and unemployment and thus reduce welfare....

An average machine lags in terms of productivity and technological advancement behind a cutting-edge machine. This lag was first defined by Cummins and Violante (2002) as the technology gap. Using the vector error correction model, I show that the technology gap is cointegrated with human...