Inflation in the euro area has been falling since mid-2013, turned negative at the end of 2014 and remained below … by means of sign restrictions, to inflation and economic activity. Shocks to oil supply do not tell the full story about … contractionary. A country analysis confirms that the negative effects of oil supply and monetary policy shocks on inflation was …

alternative monetary policy strategies. We start with the relationship between output and inflation and investigate the fit of the … reject the nominal contracting model in favor of the relative contracting model which induces more inflation persistence, we … in countries which transitioned out of a high inflation regime such as France and Italy. We close the model by estimating …

Headline inflation in the euro area jumped to more than three percent in the summer after years of relatively low … inflation rates well below the target of close to but below two percent set by the ECB until July 2021. One of the main reasons … for the rise in inflation is the increase in energy prices since the beginning of 2021. However, there are further …