Monetary policy became more difficult to characterize during and after the mortgage foreclose and financial crises because of a shift to a new credit policy focused on private sector credit and that relies on traditional commercial banking strategies. The new credit policy broke the tight link...

Some analysts have attempted to quantify the extent to which high energy prices have adversely affected the level of prices, output, productivity, investment and other economic developments. Considerable differences exist from these different approaches, which have in turn led to different...