Procurement law is rising in importance year after year. According to the European Commission, public procurement now … accounts for over 14% of the EU's gross domestic product. Also at the ECB, spending through procurement is growing, and the … evolution of its procurement law from non- binding internal guidelines to a transparent and comprehensive legal framework is a …

Traditional infrastructure regulation—the law of regulated industries—rests atop three pillars: rate regulation, entry … distinctive function of banks. Bank regulation can therefore be understood as a subfield of infrastructure regulation. With few …

We study the impacts of the 2009 monetary stimulus and its interaction with infrastructure spending on credit … (SOEs) over non-SOEs in credit access. Infrastructure investment driven by nonmonetary factors, however, enhanced the … monetary transmission to bank credit allocated to local government financing vehicles in infrastructure and at the same time …