Auch wenn die Europäische Zentralbank zu keinem Zeitpunkt eine interessenlose technokratische Behörde war, wird sie …

We analyze the similarities and the differences in the fragility of the European Monetary system (EMS) and the Eurozone … foreign exchange markets while in the Eurozone it was the absence of a lender of last resort in the long-term government bond … Eurozone the roles were reversed. The national central banks that became part of the Eurosystem were strengthened. This came at …