Banks mustmake forward-looking provisions for loan losses undernewinternational accounting standards introduced in 2018. In Europe, banks will assign performing exposures to a new "Stage 2" category with a higher provisioning penalty, if they have experienced significant increase in credit risk...

This paper presents a framework for estimating losses in the residential real estate mortgage portfolios of German banks. We develop an EL model where LGD estimates are based on current collateral values and PD dynamics are estimated using a structural PVAR approach. We confirm empirically that...

We study credit ratings on subprime and Alt-A mortgage-backed-securities (MBS) deals issued between 2001 and 2007, the period leading up to the subprime crisis. The fraction of highly rated securities in each deal is decreasing in mortgage credit risk (measured either ex ante or ex post),...

We empirically investigate the benefits of multiple ratings not only at issuance of debt instruments but also during the subsequent monitoring phase. Using a record of monthly credit rating migration data on all U.S. residential mortgage-backed securities rated by Standard & Poor's, Moody's, and...

The current study aims to provide an anatomy of the rise and fall of the subprime mortgage market in the US, by surveying the key economic and institutional determinants that have boosted the growth of the market since 2003 and those that have contributed to the abrupt decline since Summer 2007....

The destabilization of the economic situation led to a decline in the volume of transactions on the mortgage market. The subsequent measures of the government and the Central Bank helped reducing market rates and partially restore activity at the market. The schemes of practically interest-free...

We study credit ratings on subprime and Alt-A mortgage-backed-securities (MBS) deals issued between 2001 and 2007, the period leading up to the subprime crisis. The fraction of highly rated securities in each deal is decreasing in mortgage credit risk (measured either ex ante or ex post),...

Borrowers' housing equity is an important component of their wealth and a critical determinant of their vulnerability to shocks. In this paper, we create a unique data set that allows us to provide a comprehensive look at the ratio of housing debt to housing values - what we refer to as...

In this paper, we provide empirical evidence about the credit factors that impact the pricing of newly issued residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) in the U.K. There is an important implication of our findings for the current debate by regulators throughout the world regarding whether...

Co-operative movement dawned in India a century ago to eradicate indebtedness and to accelerate agricultural production in India. Co-operatives are eminently suited to achieve social, economic changes in rural India. However, credit risk is acute in co-operative credit system, predominantly...