Many studies suggest that stringent labor protection and higher labor costs in host countries can limit foreign direct investment. This implies that foreign firms are sensitive to the flexibility of the labor market in the U.S. The U.S. has experienced increasing immigrants, which have preserved...

The Trump administration’s 2017 “Buy American and Hire American” Executive Order (BAHA EO) resulted in an unprecedented increase in H-1B visa denial rates that disproportionately affected Indian multinational firms, as they rely heavily on H-1B visas to staff their U.S. branches. This...