This study documents a significant and positive impact of country-level sustainability scores on cross-border bank-to-nonbank flows. This result is robust after mitigating endogeneity concerns by applying instrumental variable regression, generalized method of moments estimation, Fama-MacBeth...

Banks might now seem odd candidates for the role of global sustainability regulator. Nonetheless, in limited areas of their operation, where global banks kept risk on their balance sheets and were financially exposed to many types of risk often otherwise treated as “externalities,” banks...

Sustainable development is a long-term process, and as such must be examined carefully. Development implies structural changes of many different types, ranging from purely economic aspects to those affecting the personal circumstances of people. Changes take time, all the more so when dealing...